cppreference.com > Standard C String and Character > strtol strtol Syntax:
      #include <stdlib.h>
      long strtol( const char *start, char **end, int base );
The strtol() function returns whatever it encounters first in start as a long, doing the conversion to base if necessary. end is set to point to whatever is left in start after the long. If the result can not be represented by a long, then strtol() returns either LONG_MAX or LONG_MIN. Zero is returned upon error. Related topics: atol strtoul